5.1.4. 测试指南
5.1.4.1. 测试环境
5.1.4.1.1. 硬件
开发板
板子上必须要接有eMMC/SDCard
5.1.4.1.2. 软件
PC端的串口终端软件，用于PC和开发板进行串口通信
Linux内核原生的mmc_test工具，用于MMC Host驱动的功能测试
Openwrt自带的iozone工具，用于块设备的性能测试
5.1.4.1.3. 软件配置
5.1.4.1.3.1. mmc_test
参考快速入门 - 编译概述 - Kernel配置，进入kernel的功能配置，按如下选择：
Linux
Device Drivers
<*> MMC/SD/SDIO card support
< > MMC block device driver
<*> MMC host test driver
备注
mmc_test必须要关闭MMC Block选项，否则mmc_test模块不会被内核加载。
5.1.4.1.3.2. iozone
在openwrt根目录，运行make menuconfig，按如下选择：
Third-party packages
[*] iozone
5.1.4.2. mmc_test 测试
mmc_test的主要功能是测试符合MMC子系统的Host驱动功能，源码详见 driversmmccoremmc_test.c。
板子在启动到shell后，首先要挂载debugfs文件系统，然后可以查看mmc_test的测试节点：
[aic@] # mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug/
[aic@] # cd /sys/kernel/debug/mmc0/mmc0\:0001/
[aic@mmc0:0001] # ls
state test testlist
[aic@mmc0:0001] # cat testlist # 此时会打印测试选项
0: Run all tests
1: Basic write (no data verification)
2: Basic read (no data verification)
3: Basic write (with data verification)
4: Basic read (with data verification)
5: Multi-block write
6: Multi-block read
7: Power of two block writes
8: Power of two block reads
9: Weird sized block writes
10: Weird sized block reads
11: Badly aligned write
12: Badly aligned read
13: Badly aligned multi-block write
14: Badly aligned multi-block read
15: Correct xfer_size at write (start failure)
16: Correct xfer_size at read (start failure)
17: Correct xfer_size at write (midway failure)
18: Correct xfer_size at read (midway failure)
19: Highmem write
20: Highmem read
21: Multi-block highmem write
22: Multi-block highmem read
23: Best-case read performance
24: Best-case write performance
25: Best-case read performance into scattered pages
26: Best-case write performance from scattered pages
27: Single read performance by transfer size
28: Single write performance by transfer size
29: Single trim performance by transfer size
30: Consecutive read performance by transfer size
31: Consecutive write performance by transfer size
32: Consecutive trim performance by transfer size
33: Random read performance by transfer size
34: Random write performance by transfer size
35: Large sequential read into scattered pages
36: Large sequential write from scattered pages
37: Write performance with blocking req 4k to 4MB
38: Write performance with non-blocking req 4k to 4MB
39: Read performance with blocking req 4k to 4MB
40: Read performance with non-blocking req 4k to 4MB
41: Write performance blocking req 1 to 512 sg elems
42: Write performance non-blocking req 1 to 512 sg elems
43: Read performance blocking req 1 to 512 sg elems
44: Read performance non-blocking req 1 to 512 sg elems
45: Reset test
46: Commands during read - no Set Block Count (CMD23)
47: Commands during write - no Set Block Count (CMD23)
48: Commands during read - use Set Block Count (CMD23)
49: Commands during write - use Set Block Count (CMD23)
50: Commands during non-blocking read - use Set Block Count (CMD23)
51: Commands during non-blocking write - use Set Block Count (CMD23)us
根据需求，选一个测试项，将其编号写入test节点，如使用测试项1：
[aic@mmc0:0001] # echo 1 > test
[ 162.185679] mmc0: Starting tests of card mmc0:0001...
[ 162.190820] mmc0: Test case 1. Basic write (no data verification)...
[ 162.209563] mmc0: Result: OK
[ 162.212462] mmc0: Tests completed.
为了方便测试，可以通过以下脚本 批量运行完所有的mmc_test测试项：
#!/bin/sh
run_one_testcase()
{
echo $1 > test
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo ERROR: Testcase $i failed!
exit 110
fi
}
run_memtest()
{
echo Prepare the debugfs ...
mount -t debugfs none /sys/kernel/debug/
cd /sys/kernel/debug/mmc0/mmc0:0001
echo
echo Run memtest ...
echo
CNT=1
while true
do
echo
echo ----------------------------------------------------------
echo Run all the testcase, count $CNT ...
echo ----------------------------------------------------------
echo
echo Run in order sequence ...
echo
for i in `seq 0 51`;
do
run_one_testcase $i
done
echo
echo Run in random sequence ...
echo
for i in `seq 0 51`;
do
$TMP=`expr $RANDOM % 52`
run_one_testcase $TMP
done
CNT=`expr $CNT + 1`
done
}
run_memtest()
5.1.4.3. iozone测试
iozone测试需要用到块设备，必须要将内核中的MMC Block打开：
Linux
Device Drivers
<*> MMC/SD/SDIO card support
<*> MMC block device driver
iozone本身是用来做性能测试，如果使用脚本长时间的循环运行就可用于稳定性测试。
测试步骤：
格式化MMC块设备/SDCard块设备为ext4文件系统；
将格式化后的块设备挂载到某个路径；
在上述路径中运行iozone工具即可。
小技巧
iozone运行过程中会在当前目录下创建一个临时文件，该文件的大小会根据测试数据粒度而自动调整。
iozone支持将性能数据作为结果存储到一个Excel文件中，方便查看。
以下是调用iozone的循环测试脚本：
#!/bin/sh
if [ ! -z $1 ] && [ ! -z $2 ]; then
FILE_MIN_SIZE=$1
FILE_MAX_SIZE=$2
else
FILE_MIN_SIZE=16m
FILE_MAX_SIZE=128m
fi
RESULT_FILE=iozone_result.xls
TMP_FILE=iozone.tmp
run_cmd()
{
echo
echo $1
echo
eval $1
}
mount_mmc()
{
HOSTNAME=`hostname`
if [ $HOSTNAME = "ZX" ]; then
WORKSPACE_DIR=/mnt/sdcard
MMC_DEV=/dev/mmcblk0p9
echo Mount $MMC_DEV ...
if [ "$1" != "debug" ]; then
# mkfs.vfat $MMC_DEV 2048000
mount -t vfat $MMC_DEV $WORKSPACE_DIR
fi
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo ERR: Failed to mount $MMC_DEV
exit 100
fi
else
WORKSPACE_DIR=./mnt/sdcard
echo Use the local path: $WORKSPACE_DIR
fi
}
mount_udisk()
{
WORKSPACE_DIR=/mnt/usb
UDISK_DEV=/dev/sda1
echo Mount $UDISK_DEV ...
mount -t vfat $UDISK_DEV $WORKSPACE_DIR
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo ERR: Failed to mount $UDISK_DEV
exit 100
fi
}
mount_mtd()
{
WORKSPACE_DIR=/mnt/mtd
if [ ! -d $WORKSPACE_DIR ]; then
mkdir -p $WORKSPACE_DIR
fi
}
umount_all()
{
cd -
umount -f $WORKSPACE_DIR
}
check_stop()
{
echo
echo Press \'any key\' + \'EnterKey\' to stop testing
read -t 5 CMD
if [ ! -z $CMD ]; then
umount_all
exit 100
fi
}
if [ -b /dev/sda ]; then
mount_udisk
elif [ -b /dev/mmcblk0 ]; then
mount_mmc $1
elif [ -c /dev/mtd0 ]; then
mount_mtd
else
echo There is no block device in the board!
exit 110
fi
echo Enter workspace $WORKSPACE_DIR
cd $WORKSPACE_DIR
CNT=1
while true
do
echo
echo ----------------------------------------------------------
echo iozone test, count $CNT
echo ----------------------------------------------------------
date
run_cmd "iozone -a -V -n $FILE_MIN_SIZE -g $FILE_MAX_SIZE -q 16m -w -b $RESULT_FILE -f $TMP_FILE"
check_stop
CNT=`expr $CNT + 1`
done